Prototyping refers to the process of creating models or samples that emerge in the early stages of a product or design. These studies are done to test different aspects of the design, evaluate usability, fix bugs, and visualize ideas before creating the final product. Prototypes play an important role in the product development process and are used in many different industries, from software development to industrial design.

The following steps are generally followed when working on prototypes:

1. Needs Analysis: First, basic needs are determined, such as what the product will be used for and what problems it will solve.
2. Design: During the design process, the general structure of the product, user experience, functions, visual design and similar elements are planned.
3. Prototyping: The first version of the design is usually created on paper or digitally. At this stage, the main features and user interface of the product are designed.
4. Testing the Prototype: The created prototype is shown to potential users or design experts and feedback is received. At this stage, users’ reactions and suggestions are evaluated.
5. Feedback and Improvement: Based on the feedback received as a result of testing the prototype, necessary corrections are made and the prototype is revised again.
6. Retesting and Improvement: After the corrections made, the prototype is tested again. This step is important to evaluate the positive effects of changes made to the design of the product.
7. Final Prototype: The prototype created as a result of feedback and corrections creates the design of the final product. At this stage, the product is evaluated for the final time before moving on to mass production or more extensive testing.

Prototype studies are critical to improve the quality of the product, optimize the user experience and minimize design errors. In addition, prototype work makes the development process more efficient by reducing product costs and preventing loss of time.